The HTML editions were prepared as part of the Pittsburgh research team’s contribution to the Frankenstein Variorum Project. In this way, the book serves not just to represent how Shelley’s work provides an opportunity to reflect on how science is framed and understood by the public, but as a commemoration of all that Shelley achieved.This dataset contains HTML editions of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, paired with a JSON file containing scholarly annotations keyed to particular locations in each edition. The irony of group of middle aged men following in the footsteps of a teenage girl is not lost on the editors, and they take the time to confront the issues of gender in Frankenstein, as well as pay homage to the author, for whom writing and publishing a novel without the support of her family, and with open disdain from society, was no mean feat. Interestingly enough although the book has been edited by men, the idea for the project itself came from a woman, the colleague of Guston, Finn and Robert, Cajsa Baldini. Questions emerge surrounding the responsibility behind scientific creation, the place of science fiction as an influence rather than a predictor, of the future, and the changing conceptions of human nature, and their relevance and emergence within the text – providing food for thought for STEM and humanities students alike. To give further context and encourage thought and discussion, the annotated book is accompanied by a chronology of scientific developments throughout the life of Shelley, as well as several essays by leading scholars which explore the social and ethical aspects of scientific creativity and discovery within Frankenstein. Both occurrences, though literary, are not so far removed from Edison’s inspiration for the study of gravity coming from an apple falling from a tree. In much the same way her creation, Victor Frankenstein, experienced his first sparks of creativity after witnessing a tree smashed to smithereens during a thunderstorm. Shelley’s work speaks of an interest in the scientific and technological discoveries occurring in the early 19 th century, but was no doubt also inspired by nature, and the tumultuous rainfall the girl experienced at Lake Geneva. Indeed, the factors driving scientific imagination are not so far removed from the literary mind as one might imagine. The editors encourage a scientific respect of the humanities as offering a valid means of defining and even improving the world. While the book is written as a companion to those of scientific thinking, it also drives up discussion about the importance of literary thinking within science and technology, and of incorporating art into STEM subjects. The editors present the idea of a modern day Victor Frankenstein creating a form of self-replicating nanotechnology – not unlike the ideas we explored last year in our Frankenstein special edition of E&T – highlighting the continued significance of Shelley’s warning. The comparisons to our own situation are clear: Shelley’s society was caught up in a tumultuous network of changes, experiencing for the first time the wonders of steam power and industry, and today, we find ourselves caught up in a similar situation – though travelling in very different directions – and still with many of the same concerns. The original 1818 edition of Frankenstein is paired with annotations discussing the ethical aspects of scientific creativity and providing additional background information on the period in which the novel came to life including references to industrialisation, and scientific studies in alchemy and galvanism. This new publication from The MIT Press strives to change this, by directly applying Shelley’s classical text to the modern, scientific world. Yet despite its clear relevance to science and engineering, the study of Frankenstein has often been left solely to students of the arts and humanities. Over the years Shelley’s text has become standard comparison for every scientific attempt to harness the power of nature, be it in the form genetic engineering, stem cell cloning, or even the creation of artificial intelligence. From its origins as a ghost story written by an intelligent yet rebellious teenage girl on the shores of Lake Geneva almost 200 years ago, the book has gone on to become a defining pillar of English literature, one which has much to say about the way we as humans imagine science and its moral, societal and technological consequences. There are some books which, regardless of their age, continue to resonate with audiences, and of none is this so true as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Edited by David H Guston, Ed Finn and Jason Scott Robert
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When Na + channels open in response to a moderate depolarizing voltage step, an inward ionic current develops because Na + ions are driven through these channels by their electrochemical driving force. This change in membrane current ordinarily would change the membrane potential, but the voltage clamp maintains the membrane potential at a predetermined (commanded) level. Through the use of a negative feedback amplifier, the voltage clamp is able to pass the correct amount of current across the cell membrane to rapidly step the membrane to a constant predetermined potential.ĭepolarization opens voltage-gated Na + and K + channels, initiating movement of Na + and K + across the membrane. The voltage clamp consists of one intracellular and extracellular pair of electrodes used to measure the membrane potential and one intracellular and extracellular pair of electrodes used to pass current across the membrane ( Figure 7–2). By controlling the membrane potential one can measure the effect of changes in membrane potential on the membrane's conductance of individual ion species. The voltage clamp permits the experimenter to "clamp" the membrane potential at predetermined levels, preventing changes in membrane current from influencing the membrane potential. It was used by Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley in the early 1950s in a series of experiments that revealed the ionic mechanisms underlying the action potential. The voltage-clamp technique was developed by Kenneth Cole in 1949 to stabilize the membrane potential of neurons for experimental purposes. The refractory period limits the frequency at which a nerve can fire action potentials, and thus limits the information-carrying capacity of the axon. For a brief time after an action potential is generated, the neuron's ability to fire a second action potential is suppressed. Fourth, the action potential is followed by a refractory period. It has a self-regenerative feature that keeps the amplitude constant, even when it is conducted over great distances. 1 Third, the action potential is conducted without decrement. The size and shape of an action potential initiated by a large depolarizing current is the same as that of an action potential evoked by a current that just surpasses the threshold. Second, the action potential is an all-or-none event. However, as the size of the depolarizing current increases, eventually a threshold voltage is reached, typically at around −50 mV, at which point an action potential is generated (see Figure 6–2C). R (in terms of conductance, Δ V = Δ I/ G).The membrane voltage changes in a graded manner as a function of the size of the current step according to Ohm's law, Δ V = Δ I As we saw in Chapter 6, in many nerve cells the membrane behaves as a simple resistor in response to small hyperpolarizing or depolarizing current steps. First, they have a threshold for initiation. The Diversity of Voltage-Gated Channel Types Is Generated by Several Genetic MechanismsĪction potentials have four properties important for neuronal signaling. X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis of Voltage-Gated Channel Structures Provides Insight into Voltage-Gating Voltage-Gated Potassium, Sodium, and Calcium Channels Stem from a Common Ancestor and Have Similar Structures Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Select for Sodium on the Basis of Size, Charge, and Energy of Hydration of the Ion Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Open and Close in Response to Redistribution of Charges Within the Channel The Mechanisms of Voltage-Gating and Ion Permeation Have Been Inferred from Electrophysiological Measurements Gating of Voltage-Sensitive Ion Channels Can Be Influenced by Various Cytoplasmic FactorsĮxcitability Properties Vary Between Regions of the NeuronĮxcitability Properties Vary Between Types of Neurons The Nervous System Expresses a Rich Variety of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels Variations in the Properties of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels Expand the Signaling Capabilities of Neurons The Action Potential Can Be Reconstructed from the Properties of Sodium and Potassium Channels Voltage-Gated Sodium and Potassium Conductances Are Calculated from Their Currents Sodium and Potassium Currents Through Voltage-Gated Channels Are Recorded with the Voltage Clamp The Action Potential Is Generated by the Flow of Ions Through Voltage-Gated Channels You can also Play Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! in your browser on your PC or mobile without downloading. Make use of puzzle adventure games to go with your favorite heroes to various locations throughout the globe and to celebrate various national events! Assemble crystals, fix damages, and renovate the city! Can you find your way to saving the city of Clocksville? It’s time to find out!ĭownload Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! on PC to play an intense casual puzzle game! Play a game with a science fiction twist and a puzzle adventure. Become part of tournaments with other players and win big prizes! Get boosters and increase your 3-match game points by solving the riddles of mystery objects and brain teasers.Įnjoy an offline casual puzzle game where you can get a break from the magic puzzle and participate in unique activities such as riding a ghost train, growing mystical plants, baking cakes, playing bingo, and more. In the Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! PC game, you have to match 3 jewels and gems and use special boosters to get through a lot of different levels. Form an alliance with Uncle to defeat him and break the curse of Clocksville. Play Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! on PC and enjoy this casual puzzle game from the large and gorgeous display on your PC! The Clockmaker is a treacherous person, and he needs to be stopped. BlueStacks app player is the best PC platform (emulator) to play this Android game on your PC or Mac for an immersive gaming experience! So get in Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! right away.Ĭlick the ‘play in browser’ button and get started within no time, only on now.gg.Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! is a puzzle game developed by BELKA GAMES. With now.gg mobile cloud, you can resume a game on another screen without losing progress. Share the game’s link with your friends on social media quickly and introduce them to a new way of playing games. Make your old phone or PC, or any device, a powerful gaming machine instantly. Play your favorite Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! 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There are many more interesting online games that you can explore here.Ĭlockmaker: Match 3 Games! is a puzzle game developed by BELKA GAMES. Clockmaker: Match 3 Games! is a puzzle game developed by BELKA GAMES and now.gg allows playing game online in your browser. Once you scroll down cursor, you will see both files will be simultaneously scrolling down and you can find out for difference between two files easily. You can open both txt file in left and right windows. It gives you minute comparison, say you want to compare two identical txt files. It will show comparison result with left date & right date option with extension option.SO it would be easier for you to find out for you which files are duplicate. I have created some identical files with similar name for trial. Say if you want to compare one folder from your USB drive & another from your Local drive of your computer, you can choose both of them.Once you click okay, it will start comparing folders from your selected location. When you open folder to compare, you can select file or filder to left and another on right, so there will be two location selected for comparing. WinMerge can compare both folders and files, presenting differences in a visual text format that is easy to understand and handle. WinMerge is an Open Source differencing and merging tool for Windows. Sharing it, how you can use winmerge with your computer to compare and merge duplicate files/folders. I searched a lot and find one software winmerge, that I tried and seems useful. I have copied several files to PC which occupies too much space because of duplication of same files. The same was happened to me while backup my external 1 TB Western Digital harddisk, so its hard to remember all 1 TB data. Most of the time while we backup data from our computer to another computer/laptop, sometimes we forget which files/folders we have copied and bymistake we copy folder/files twice. But do observe the shape of the head - all venomous snakes have triangular or diamond-shaped heads many non-venomous snakes such as milk snakes have longer, slimmer heads.It’s not advised to get close enough to see whether there are venom pits in the cheeks! Greyish background colour with reddish blotches bordered in black along its back and.And if you need further proof, the milk snake’s spots have a dark outline the rattler’s don’t.There’s a clearly identifiable Y or X marking on top of a milk snake’s head and neck (as you can see on the second image above). Of course this isn’t true, it’s barely believable, but the name stuck. Legend has it that the snakes would slither into barns at night, curl around the legs of milk cows, and sup on their milk straight from the udder. If the tail isn’t visible, or if a rattle’s possibly fallen off, then take a closer look at the head. Milksnakes are a subspecies of the Kingsnake.Just try to take a look at the tail and check for a rattle.They do rattle their tails against fallen leaves and underbrush in an attempt to imitate the rattlesnake, and hopefully scare off potential predators, but don’t be fooled.įiguring it out isn’t hard. These beauties may look a little like rattlers, but milk snakes are actually harmless. We saw this milk snake during a week-long trek on the La Cloche Silhouette Trail in Killarney Provincial Park:Īnd this milk snake was spotted just over a month later in Samuel de Champlain Provincial Park, near Mattawa: Both patients did not have symptoms related to their pneumothorax. Patients with catheter rout apart from the jugular vein, multiple tries for punctures, and under 18 years of age were excluded from our study.ĭata were analyzed using SPSS (version 18 SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) to evaluate the frequency of each complication.Īmong the patients who developed pneumothorax, both were mild and didn’t need any further management. Routine radiography of chest was performed for all patients and pneumothorax, hemothorax and catheter malposition were evaluated in each case. The line position was confirmed by fluoroscopy following the procedure. Venipuncture was performed with an 18-gauge needle under the guidance of sonography in each case, and the access site was noted. The confidentiality of the details of the subjects was assured and written inform consent was obtained from the participants. The patients’ records were anonymized and de-identified prior to analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (IR code: IR.1397.317). This prospective study was conducted on 189 consecutive patients who underwent IVAPC central lines in the vascular surgery operating room from 2016 to 2019. In this study, we aim to evaluate the need for routine chest X-ray (CXR) after IVAPC under the guidance of ultrasonography and fluoroscopy. IVAPC insertion was first considered as a surgical procedure by means of entree through either the cephalic vein or the direct puncture of the jugular or subclavian vein, with complications related to either local or bloodstream infections. Ĭomplications regarding port catheter insertions can be classified by the period of their appearance or by their underlying source. Patients and relatives are highly satisfied with the port system and experience more advantages than disadvantages. If the transjugular route is appointed as the catheter entry site, mechanical complications such as secondary migrations are rare and the progress of a pinch-off syndrome is unlikely. Ultrasound guidance is mainly responsible for the high technical success rate with zero periprocedural complication rates, fluoroscopy for exact catheter tip placement with a reduction of long-term complications. Radiological-interventional port catheter insertion under the guide of ultrasound and fluoroscopy is a procedure with an extremely high technical success rate and particularly low periprocedural complication rate. Radiological implantation usually uses jugular, subclavian or brachial veins as entry sites. This study and subsequent studies showed low periprocedural complications and late complication rates, comparable to the standard surgical procedure. reported their experience with radiological ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance for the placement of port catheters. The implantable of venous access port catheter (IVAPC) are valued devices for long-term intravenous treatment of cancer patients with cancer however, the use and inserting of these devices are each linked with complications. Since the introduction of chemotherapy, much attention has been paid to the achievement of an adequate means of venous access that is suitable for long-term use. In conclusion, when imaging guidance is used for IVAPC insertion by an experienced surgeon in a high-volume center, performing post-procedure routine chest radiography shows little benefit. The annual cost of chest radiography was 33,000,000IRR, 220 h of hospital and staff time, and 1.1 mSv radiation. There were 2 cases of asymptomatic pneumothorax, no cases of hemothorax, and all catheter tip positions were optimal or acceptable. Routine radiography of chest was performed for all patients and pneumothorax, hemothorax, and catheter malposition were evaluated in each case. Multiple tries for puncture and patients under 18 were excluded from our study. Material and methodĪ prospective study of 189 consecutive patients who underwent IVAPC central line insertion in the vascular surgery operating room from 2016 to 2019. The objective of this study is the evaluation of routine chest radiography following the placement of Implantable venous access port catheter (IVAPC) central lines using combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance by a vascular surgeon in the operating room. Credentia: AL, AK, CA, CO, DC, GA, LA, MD, MN, MS, NH, NC, ND, PA, RI, SC, TX, VA, VT, WA, WI, WY.Headmaster: AZ, MT, ND, NH, NJ, NV, OH, OR, SD, TN, VT.American Red Cross, approved university, or private entities: IL, IN, KY, MA, ME, UT, WV.Testing providers by state are listed below, followed by the list of skills tested by each provider. The skills test for CNA applicants will vary by state as different states utilize different testing providers, and each provider may test you on different skills. You can find out more information on your state’s requirements on our state by state CNA classes page. Each state will have a list of approved CNA course programs they recognize, so make sure you select a school that is certified in your state. It is important to note that you need to complete CNA classes that are approved by the state where you wish to earn your license and practice. Not only will this make for a better CNA, but a safer one as well. It is important to understand that the test is practical and there are reasons for being proficient in what is needed by a Certified Nursing Aide. On top of this, anticipating what is required during each duty without having the examiner step in may potentially impress those watching, including the patient. While more direct skills like moving patients from bed-to-bed and placing in the correct body position demand a thorough understanding by a Certified Nursing Aide, they should also understand that patients benefit from kindness and care as well. Just like the skills that are needed to pass the CNA skills test, communication can be practiced each time the prospective nursing aide is in a position to do so. This may go along way on the examination portion of the test also potentially showing the examiner that the patient is in good hands. Before going in to take the skills test, it is critical to make sure you carry a positive attitude and demeanor. Cleanliness is not only required of the aide but also the patient. Nursing aides will be expected to perform proper sanitary practices, including disposing of waste. Test takers should brush up on the proper way to wash hands. It will be important to interact with and speak with that subject as if they are a real patient. Items that may be measured include:Īctual “patients” or “clients” are utilized within this testing scenario. If you’ve failed the test previously, or if you’re taking the test for the first time, there are some helpful tips here to help you prepare for exam day.ĭepending on your state, you may also have to record a measurement. The video below provides some helpful tips for passing the CNA skills test. Although there may only be a few skills which are needed to show proficiency during this portion of the test, aspiring nurses should know that the test designators can choose from around thirty different practical tasks that Certified Nursing Aides should be able to perform. Depending on your location, the skills test for CNAs may cover three to six different practices required of nursing aides. You will demonstrate the skills for the evaluator, making sure to correctly show the critical duties of each skill you are demonstrating. The clinical skills test will be performed in front of an evaluator. The written portion will be multiple choice and will be taken on a computer. But some believed that China would beat them all to the finish line. Their ideas drove a new kind of arms race, spanning Google, Microsoft, Facebook, and OpenAI, a new lab founded by Silicon Valley kingpin Elon Musk. But both were soon drawn into the heart of the tech industry. They took two very different paths to that lofty goal, and they disagreed on how quickly it would arrive. The other was a thirty-six-year-old neuroscientist and chess prodigy who laid claim to being the greatest game player of all time before vowing to build a machine that could do anything the human brain could do. One was a sixty-four-year-old computer science professor who didn’t drive and didn’t fly because he could no longer sit down-but still made his way across North America for the moment that would define a new age of technology. Long dismissed as a technology of the distant future, artificial intelligence was a project consigned to the fringes of the scientific community. Where an extraordinarily powerful new artificial intelligence has been built into our biggest companies, our social discourse, and our daily lives, with few of us even noticing. With deep and exclusive reporting, across hundreds of interviews, New York Times Silicon Valley journalist Cade Metz brings you into the rooms where these questions are being answered. What does it mean to be smart? To be human? What do we really want from life and the intelligence we have, or might create? Recipient of starred reviews in both Kirkus and Library Journal Walter Isaacson, author of The Code Breaker Through the lives of Geoff Hinton and other major players, Metz explains this transformative technology and makes the quest thrilling." "This colorful page-turner puts artificial intelligence into a human perspective. In this game, you must race through the track with your bike and avoid obstacles. Touchgrind BMX Mod Apk is a side-scrolling bike racing game. Ready to go? Start playing and enjoy doing tricks with your cool bike. Now Enable the Touchgrind BMX Cheat System and get what you need inside your game. Now open Lucky Patcher and click on Auto/Manual Hacks. Download the Cheat Apk and extract it inside the Android or SDCard Folder. Now uninstall your current version of this game if you have installed it already. First of all, download Touchgrind BMX from the above-given link. There’s nothing like grinding and doing tricks with your bike in a virtual world. If you are the type of person who loves to play games on your phone, this is one game you should not miss out on. Touchgrind BMX Mod Apk is an excellent game that immerses you in hours of fun. How to Download and Install Touchgrind BMX Mod Apk In a few seconds, the Safety net will be disabled entirely.Now Launch the Cheat apk and click on Grant/AutoHacks system.Make sure you have the latest version of Lucky Patcher installed.Ensure you are extracting it in the SDCard/Android/Obb folder.Now Uninstall the Original Version of this game.The streets seem very familiar because they have taken inspiration from real places worldwide! Pro key of Touchgrind BMX Mod Apk The design of the bikes, streets, roads, obstacles, and other backgrounds are great to look at. This game is designed beautifully, with plenty of details to keep you engaged for hours. Touchgrind Apk has high-resolution graphics that look stunning on big screens. You may also need unique coins to get them at their accurate price. You will also find 20 different helmets you can put on your avatar and complete the look with fabulous sunglasses. Greek name meaning “lyre.” In astronomy, this is a constellation based on the lyre of Orpheus. This name means “queen” signifying the “goddess of marriages.” Lyra In Greek mythology, Hera was the Queen of Heaven and the wife of Zeus. This is a Latin name meaning “Earth.” In mythology, she was the Roman earth goddess and equivalent to the Greek Gaia. Medusaīased on the Greek mythological woman who was so beautiful and so vain that the gods punished her by making her hair into snakes. Greek name meaning “enchanter.” In Greek mythology, sirens were half-bird, half-woman creatures who lured seamen to their doom with their irresistible singing. This name means “all,” “gift,” and “all-gifted.” Sirena In Greek mythology, Pandora was the first human woman created by Hephaestus. Greek name based on the mythological goddess Athena, the Goddess of Wisdom and War. Here are some of the most badass girl names you can use for your daughter: Athena Badass Girl Names From Mythology, Astrology, and Astronomyīaby girls deserve beautiful names. If that’s not the right name to empower your little one in a male-dominated industry, then we don’t know what is. This name could be inspired by Ada Lovelace, the 19th-century mathematician, and creator of the first computer algorithm. This is a name of French and Latin origin and also the name of one of the most influential cosmetic companies in the world and one of the wealthiest self-made women in the world, Estée Lauder. Greta is a young, Swedish activist bringing attention to climate change and a perfect example for your little girl to stand up for what she believes in. This Greek name is pretty common, however, it can serve as great name option for your little environmental activist, like Greta Thunberg. She paved the way for other women, African Americans, and African American women. This name could be inspired by Althea Gibson, the first African American woman to play at Wimbledon. She is best known for playing Elle Woods in Legally Blonde and for starting Reese’s Book Club. This is a Welsh gender-neutral name meaning “fiery.” You might recognize this name from Reese Witherspoon, an American actress, producer, and entrepreneur. Her fight for women and for ending human trafficking makes her a true badass. Not only is this a Slavic name meaning “hope,” but this can be associated with Nadia Murad, the first Iraqi woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize. This name can be inspired by the American abolitionist and political activist Harriet Tubman, who developed the Underground Railroad to rescue nearly 70 enslaved people. Let Marie Curie, one of the most famous scientists of all time and the first female to win a Nobel Prize be an inspiration for this name. MarieĪlthough this is a pretty common name, it’s still a powerful one. This name is inspired by the extraordinary aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart, the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. Here is a list of some empowering females that we think could be good names for your little one: Amelia Whether your favorite woman is a talented actress, an activist, a motivational speaker, a woman in politics, an artist, a doctor, or someone whose work you love, let them (and their names!) serve as inspiration and motivation for your daughter. They have given women the ability to be confident in all that they do. Who inspires you? Who empowers you? There are women in history who have paved the way for women today. Badass Girl Names Inspired From Badass Women In (Or Making) History Unsplash / Danny De los Reyes Stop your search for the best baby girl names because we have them all here! Consider these cool, badass names to be the perfect name for your baby. Nonetheless, they are still the best names for those wanting to raise an empowering, strong young woman. We have many names on this list that are both common and unique. We have badass girl names for those wanting to name their little girl after a famous, powerful woman in (or making) history. We have badass girl names from many nationalities. These baby names can encourage your little girl to grow up to become a strong, independent, and powerful woman just like her mother. Whatever the case may be, you’ve come to the right place. Or maybe you’re looking for the name of someone who has had a strong impact on your life. Maybe you’re looking for a name that is typically for boys but you like it anyway. Maybe you’re searching for a badass girl name that is also pretty and has come from classic works of literature or inspired by a Disney princess or character. I mean, who wouldn’t want to introduce their little one with a badass name that they will grow up to love and own? Here is a full list of badass girl names to give your little girl. They deserve names that sound as tough as they are, so the world knows not to mess with them. |
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